Video Encoding and Streaming in iOS: A Comprehensive Guide

import AVFoundation

class VideoEncoder {
    func encodeVideo(sourceURL: URL, outputURL: URL) {
        let asset = AVAsset(url: sourceURL)
        
        guard let exportSession = AVAssetExportSession(
            asset: asset, 
            presetName: AVAssetExportPresetHighestQuality
        ) else {
            print("Cannot create export session")
            return
        }
        
        exportSession.outputURL = outputURL
        exportSession.outputFileType = .mp4
        
        exportSession.exportAsynchronously {
            switch exportSession.status {
            case .completed:
                print("Video encoded successfully")
            case .failed:
                print("Encoding failed: \(exportSession.error?.localizedDescription ?? "")")
            case .cancelled:
                print("Encoding cancelled")
            default:
                break
            }
        }
    }
}

extension VideoEncoder {
    func customVideoEncoding(sourceURL: URL, outputURL: URL) {
        let asset = AVAsset(url: sourceURL)
        let composition = AVMutableComposition()
        
        guard let videoTrack = asset.tracks(withMediaType: .video).first,
              let compositionVideoTrack = composition.addMutableTrack(
                  withMediaType: .video, 
                  preferredTrackID: kCMPersistentTrackID_Invalid) else {
            return
        }
        
        do {
            try compositionVideoTrack.insertTimeRange(
                videoTrack.timeRange, 
                of: videoTrack, 
                at: .zero
            )
            
            let instruction = AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction()
            instruction.timeRange = videoTrack.timeRange
            
            let layerInstruction = AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction(
                assetTrack: compositionVideoTrack
            )
            
            instruction.layerInstructions = [layerInstruction]
            
            let videoComposition = AVMutableVideoComposition()
            videoComposition.instructions = [instruction]
            videoComposition.renderSize = videoTrack.naturalSize
            videoComposition.frameDuration = CMTime(value: 1, timescale: 30)
            
            guard let exportSession = AVAssetExportSession(
                asset: composition, 
                presetName: AVAssetExportPresetHighestQuality
            ) else { return }
            
            exportSession.outputURL = outputURL
            exportSession.outputFileType = .mp4
            exportSession.videoComposition = videoComposition
            
            exportSession.exportAsynchronously {
                // Handle export completion
            }
        } catch {
            print("Encoding error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }
}

import AVFoundation
import AVKit

class VideoStreamingController {
    func setupHLSStream(streamURL: URL) {
        let player = AVPlayer(url: streamURL)
        let playerViewController = AVPlayerViewController()
        playerViewController.player = player
        
        // Present the player
        present(playerViewController, animated: true) {
            player.play()
        }
    }
}

import AVFoundation
import CoreMedia
import UIKit

class CustomVideoPlayer: UIView {
    // Private properties and methods for video rendering
    private var displayLayer: AVSampleBufferDisplayLayer?
    private var asset: AVAsset?
    private var assetReader: AVAssetReader?
    private var videoTrackOutput: AVAssetReaderTrackOutput?
    private var audioTrackOutput: AVAssetReaderTrackOutput?
    
    // Core initialization methods
    func loadVideo(url: URL) {
        asset = AVAsset(url: url)
        setupAssetReader()
        configureSampleBufferDisplayLayer()
        setupAudioEngine()
    }
    
    // Detailed implementation methods (see previous artifact for full code)
    private func setupAssetReader() { /* ... */ }
    private func configureSampleBufferDisplayLayer() { /* ... */ }
    private func setupAudioEngine() { /* ... */ }
    
    // Playback controls
    func play() { /* ... */ }
    func pause() { /* ... */ }
}